By 2030, Dominica aims to ensure that the harvesting, use and trade of wild species are legal, safe, sustainable and traceable through effective permit, enforcement and compliance systems. The target covers terrestrial and aquatic wild species and their products, supporting responsible use for livelihoods, food security and cultural purposes. Implementation aims to prevent overexploitation and illegal trade, minimise impacts on other species and ecosystems, and reduce health and biosecurity risks. Transparent and accessible systems will support accountability throughout harvesting and trade, while respecting and protecting customary sustainable use by the Kalinago people and local communities.

Dominica aims to strengthen and coordinate the policies, regulations and procedures governing wild species harvesting, use and trade. Priority actions include reviewing relevant provisions, clarifying permit requirements and applying science-based harvest controls, including seasonal restrictions, harvest limits and measures to protect threatened species, non-target species and habitats. Permitting and traceability systems will link relevant harvest, landing, transport, sale and trade records, supported by improved data sharing and coordination. Implementation will strengthen inspections, wildlife trade controls, biosecurity procedures and responses to non-compliance, using approaches proportionate to identified risks. Training, public information and community reporting will support understanding of requirements and sustainable practices. The development and application of these measures will recognise customary sustainable use, traditional knowledge and resource-based livelihoods, including those of the Kalinago people.

Access to financial resources: Implementation requires sustained financing for staffing, monitoring, permit and traceability systems, inspections, enforcement and outreach.

Biodiversity and health: Safe harvesting and trade practices, supported by biosecurity controls, aim to reduce disease risks and threats to people, wildlife and ecosystems.

Collective effort towards the targets: The target promotes shared responsibility and coordinated action among public institutions, resource users, businesses and communities.

Consistency with international agreements or instruments: Implementation supports the Convention on Biological Diversity and relevant international wildlife trade commitments, including CITES.

Contribution and rights of Indigenous Peoples and local communities: Measures will recognise and protect customary sustainable use, traditional knowledge and resource-based livelihoods, building on engagement with the Kalinago people and local communities.

Cooperation and synergies: The target connects wildlife and fisheries management with trade controls, biosecurity, conservation and sustainable livelihoods.

Ecosystem approach: Harvest management will consider effects on target and non-target species, habitats and ecological functions across terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

Formal and informal education: Training, extension services and public awareness will help resource users and enforcement personnel understand requirements and apply sustainable practices.

Fulfilment of the three objectives of the Convention and its Protocols, and their balanced implementation:The target contributes primarily to conservation and sustainable use. Fair and equitable benefit sharing is relevant where activities involve access to genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge.

Human rights-based approach: Permit and compliance systems will promote transparency, accessibility and non-discrimination, recognising customary sustainable use and the rights and livelihoods of affected communities.

Intergenerational equity: Preventing overexploitation helps maintain wild species and their contributions to livelihoods and well-being for future generations.

National circumstances, priorities and capabilities: Implementation reflects Dominica’s small-island context, reliance on fisheries and other biological resources, and capacity needs for effective monitoring and compliance.

Right to development: Sustainable harvesting and trade support livelihoods and economic opportunities while maintaining biodiversity and respecting ecological limits.

Science and innovation: Species assessments, harvest information and appropriate record-keeping tools will inform sustainable harvest controls, traceability and risk-based monitoring.

Whole-of-government and whole-of-society approach: Implementation promotes institutional coordination and inclusive participation in designing, applying and monitoring measures, including engagement with the Kalinago people and local communities.

National Target 5 addresses the central elements of GBF Target 5 by requiring wild species harvesting, use and trade to be sustainable, safe and legal. Its additional emphasis on traceability, permits, enforcement and compliance supports accountability and the prevention of overexploitation and illegal trade. Further development of implementation arrangements can clarify measures to minimise impacts on non-target species and ecosystems, apply the ecosystem approach, reduce pathogen spillover risks, and respect and protect customary sustainable use by the Kalinago people and local communities. These elements are not all explicit in the target title; however, this does not imply their exclusion. The proposed actions provide a basis for addressing them through harvest controls, habitat safeguards, biosecurity measures and participatory implementation.

There are no formal non-state commitments towards this National Target

Additional financing, technical assistance and capacity building are needed to strengthen and integrate wild species permit, enforcement and compliance systems. Priorities include coherent regulations and procedures, species assessments, science-based harvest controls, and capacity to meet relevant wildlife trade requirements. Investment is also needed in practical permit and traceability tools, shared information systems, inspection and patrol equipment, species identification and compliance monitoring. Training, accessible public guidance, gender-responsive community outreach and reporting mechanisms will support implementation. Sustained coordination and regional cooperation will help maintain effective controls and respond to emerging risks.