CHM - ORTNational Target
General
Kenya
Target 4.2:Manage Human- Wildlife Conflicts
ENBy 2030, manage and reduce human wildlife negative interactions by at least 35%.
Map conflict hotspots and drivers
Create or strengthen laws that protect wildlife and regulate land use to minimize conflicts.
Monitor and manage species involved in HWC
Empower communities to support HWC mitigation measures
Pilot insurance scheme administration
Maintain human wildlife conflict data base
Develop and deploy early warning systems that alert communities to the presence of wildlife.
Provide financial compensation for communities affected by wildlife damage to crops, livestock, and property.
Strengthen Problem Animal Management Unit
Land use and land use planning in conservation measures
Education and awareness on HWC: Conduct education and awareness campaigns to inform communities about the importance of biodiversity and ways to coexist with wildlife.
Recognize and integrate traditional knowledge and practices of indigenous and local communities in conflict mitigation strategies.
Alignment
GBF-G-A. Ecosystems are conserved, extinctions are halted and genetic diversity is maintained
GBF-G-D. The biodiversity funding gap of 700 billion USD is progressively closed by ensuring adequate means of implementation are available.
| Global Targets | Degree of Alignment |
GBF-T01. All areas are planned or managed to bring loss of areas of high biodiversity importance close to zero GBF-T01. All areas are planned or managed to bring loss of areas of high biodiversity importance close to zeroEnsure that all areas are under participatory, integrated, and biodiversity inclusive spatial planning and/or effective management processes addressing land and sea use change, to bring the loss of areas of high biodiversity importance, including ecosystems of high ecological integrity, close to zero by 2030, while respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities. | High |
GBF-T02. 30% of degraded areas are under effective restoration GBF-T02. 30% of degraded areas are under effective restorationEnsure that by 2030 at least 30 per cent of areas of degraded terrestrial, inland water, and coastal and marine ecosystems are under effective restoration, in order to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, ecological integrity and connectivity. | High |
GBF-T04. Threatened species are recovering, genetic diversity is being maintained and human-wildlife conflict is being managed GBF-T04. Threatened species are recovering, genetic diversity is being maintained and human-wildlife conflict is being managedEnsure urgent management actions to halt human induced extinction of known threatened species and for the recovery and conservation of species, in particular threatened species, to significantly reduce extinction risk, as well as to maintain and restore the genetic diversity within and between populations of native, wild and domesticated species to maintain their adaptive potential, including through in situ and ex situ conservation and sustainable management practices, and effectively manage human-wildlife interactions to minimize human-wildlife conflict for coexistence. | High |
GBF-T03. 30% of areas are effectively conserved GBF-T03. 30% of areas are effectively conservedEnsure and enable that by 2030 at least 30 per cent of terrestrial, inland water, and of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, are effectively conserved and managed through ecologically representative, well-connected and equitably governed systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, recognizing indigenous and traditional territories where applicable, and integrated into wider landscapes, seascapes and the ocean, while ensuring that any sustainable use, where appropriate in such areas, is fully consistent with conservation outcomes, recognizing and respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, including over their traditional territories. | High |
GBF-T05. Use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legal GBF-T05. Use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legalEnsure that the use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legal, preventing overexploitation, minimizing impacts on non-target species and ecosystems, and reducing the risk of pathogen spill-over, applying the ecosystem approach, while respecting and protecting customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities. | High |
GBF-T21. Data, information and knowledge for decision-making is available GBF-T21. Data, information and knowledge for decision-making is availableEnsure that the best available data, information and knowledge, are accessible to decision makers, practitioners and the public to guide effective and equitable governance, integrated and participatory management of biodiversity, and to strengthen communication, awareness-raising, education, monitoring, research and knowledge management and, also in this context, traditional knowledge, innovations, practices and technologies of indigenous peoples and local communities should only be accessed with their free, prior and informed consent[1], in accordance with national legislation.
***
[1] Free, prior and informed consent refers to the tripartite terminology of “prior and informed consent” or “free, prior and informed consent” or “approval and involvement”. | Medium |
GBF-T19. Financial resources increased to $200 billion per year, including $ 30 billion through international finance GBF-T19. Financial resources increased to $200 billion per year, including $ 30 billion through international financeSubstantially and progressively increase the level of financial resources from all sources, in an effective, timely and easily accessible manner, including domestic, international, public and private resources, in accordance with Article 20 of the Convention, to implement national biodiversity strategies and action plans, by 2030 mobilizing at least 200 billion United States dollars per year, including by:
(a) Increasing total biodiversity related international financial resources from developed countries, including official development assistance, and from countries that voluntarily assume obligations of developed country Parties, to developing countries, in particular the least developed countries and small island developing States, as well as countries with economies in transition, to at least US$ 20 billion per year by 2025, and to at least US$ 30 billion per year by 2030;
(b) Significantly increasing domestic resource mobilization, facilitated by the preparation and implementation of national biodiversity finance plans or similar instruments according to national needs, priorities and circumstances;
(c) Leveraging private finance, promoting blended finance, implementing strategies for raising new and additional resources, and encouraging the private sector to invest in biodiversity, including through impact funds and other instruments;
(d) Stimulating innovative schemes such as payment for ecosystem services, green bonds, biodiversity offsets and credits, benefit-sharing mechanisms, with environmental and social safeguards;
(e) Optimizing co-benefits and synergies of finance targeting the biodiversity and climate crises;
(f) Enhancing the role of collective actions, including by indigenous peoples and local communities, Mother Earth centric actions[1] and non-market-based approaches including community based natural resource management and civil society cooperation and solidarity aimed at the conservation of biodiversity;
(g) Enhancing the effectiveness, efficiency and transparency of resource provision and use.
***
[1] Mother Earth-centric actions: Ecocentric and rights-based approach enabling the implementation of actions towards harmonic and complementary relationships between peoples and nature, promoting the continuity of all living beings and their communities and ensuring the non-commodification of environmental functions of Mother Earth. | Medium |
GBF-T06. Reduce rates of introduction and establishment of invasive alien species by 50% GBF-T06. Reduce rates of introduction and establishment of invasive alien species by 50%Eliminate, minimize, reduce and or mitigate the impacts of invasive alien species on biodiversity and ecosystem services by identifying and managing pathways of the introduction of alien species, preventing the introduction and establishment of priority invasive alien species, reducing the rates of introduction and establishment of other known or potential invasive alien species by at least 50 per cent, by 2030, eradicating or controlling invasive alien species especially in priority sites, such as islands. | Low |
GBF-T07. Pollution reduced, halving nutrient loss and pesticide risk GBF-T07. Pollution reduced, halving nutrient loss and pesticide riskReduce pollution risks and the negative impact of pollution from all sources, by 2030, to levels that are not harmful to biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, considering cumulative effects, including: reducing excess nutrients lost to the environment by at least half including through more efficient nutrient cycling and use; reducing the overall risk from pesticides and highly hazardous chemicals by at least half including through integrated pest management, based on science, taking into account food security and livelihoods; and also preventing, reducing, and working towards eliminating plastic pollution. | Low |
GBF-T09. Management of wild species is sustainable and benefits people GBF-T09. Management of wild species is sustainable and benefits peopleEnsure that the management and use of wild species are sustainable, thereby providing social, economic and environmental benefits for people, especially those in vulnerable situations and those most dependent on biodiversity, including through sustainable biodiversity-based activities, products and services that enhance biodiversity, and protecting and encouraging customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities. | Medium |
Access to financial resources
Whole-of-government and whole-of-society approach
Formal and informal education
National circumstances, priorities and capabilities
Human rights-based approach
Science and innovation
Adequate funding for conflict mitigation and management efforts.to support conflict resolution initiatives, infrastructure (like barriers and fences), and compensation schemes for affected communities.
Provide financial compensation for communities affected by wildlife damage to crops, livestock, and property.
Enhance regional cooperation for transboundary species conservation and conflict management, and integrate biodiversity considerations into sectors such as agriculture, forestry, and tourism.
Develop and deploy early warning systems that alert communities to the presence of wildlife.
Use media, workshops, and community meetings to raise awareness about the importance of biodiversity and coexistence with wildlife
Whole-of-government and whole-of-society approachEngage all levels of government and society in conflict mitigation efforts.
National circumstances, priorities and capabilities
Respect and promote human rights in conflict management activities.
Science and innovation: Invest in research to understand the root causes of conflicts, develop innovative solutions (e.g., wildlife deterrents), and monitor the effectiveness of interventions.
Ecosystem approach
Access to financial resources
Spatial planning , restoration of degraded ecosystems, increase in conserved areas and their management effectively, climate change adaptation and mitigation for resilience,
Indicators to be used to monitor this national target
1.1 Percentage of land and sea area covered by biodiversity-inclusive spatial plans
2.1 Area under restoration
21.1 Indicator on biodiversity information for monitoring the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
3.1 Coverage of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures
5.1 Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels
6.1 Rate of invasive alien species establishment
7.1 Index of coastal eutrophication
7.2 Pesticide environment concentration and/or aggregated total applied toxicity
9.1 Benefits from the sustainable use of wild species
9.2 Percentage of the population in traditional occupations
A.1 Red List of Ecosystems
A.2 Extent of natural ecosystems
A.3 Red List Index
A.4 Proportion of populations within species with an effective population size greater than 500
D.1 International public funding, including official development assistance for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystems
D.2 Domestic public funding on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystems
D.3 Private funding (domestic and international) on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystems
1.b Number of countries using participatory, integrated and biodiversity-inclusive spatial planning and/or effective management processes addressing land- and sea-use change to bring the loss of areas of high biodiversity importance close to zero by 2030
6.b Number of countries adopting relevant regulations, processes and measures to reduce the impact of invasive alien species
9.b Number or countries with policies to manage the use of wild species sustainably, providing social, economic and environmental benefits for people, and to protect and encourage customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities
4.CT.1 Number of (a) plant and (b) animal genetic resources for food and agriculture secured in either medium- or long-term conservation facilities
Conservation status of species listed in the CITES Appendices has stabilized or improved
Trends in effective and sustainable management of human-wildlife conflict and coexistence
4.CT.2 Green status of species
Rate of invasive alien species establishment
A.CY.19 Red List Index (wild relatives of domesticated animals)
4.CY.1 Species Threat Abatement and Restoration metric
Number of CMS daughter agreements
Percentage of threatened species that are improving in status according to the Red List
Proportion of local breeds classified as being at risk of extinction
Trends of human wildlife conflicts
ENArea and/ or number of important wildlife area mapped, recovered and/or secured
ENTrends of wildlife populations
EN