CHM - ORTIdentify by 2025, and progressively eliminate, phase out or reform incentives, including harmful subsidies on biodiversity reducing them by at least 10% annually, starting with the most harmful incentives, and promote positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
Conduct a comprehensive review of existing incentives and subsidies to identify those harmful to biodiversity by 2025.
Develop a strategic plan to phase out or reform harmful incentives in a proportionate, just, fair, effective, and equitable manner
Introduce timelines and milestones for phasing out less harmful incentives progressively by 2030.
Develop and implement positive incentive schemes that promote conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
Raise public awareness about the importance of biodiversity and the impacts of harmful incentives through educational campaigns and workshops.
Collaborate with international organizations and other countries to share best practices and learn from successful biodiversity incentive programs.
| Global Targets | Degree of Alignment |
GBF-T18. Reduce harmful incentives by at least $500 billion per year GBF-T18. Reduce harmful incentives by at least $500 billion per yearIdentify by 2025, and eliminate, phase out or reform incentives, including subsidies, harmful for biodiversity, in a proportionate, just, fair, effective and equitable way, while substantially and progressively reducing them by at least 500 billion United States dollars per year by 2030, starting with the most harmful incentives, and scale up positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. | High |
GBF-T19. Financial resources increased to $200 billion per year, including $ 30 billion through international finance GBF-T19. Financial resources increased to $200 billion per year, including $ 30 billion through international financeSubstantially and progressively increase the level of financial resources from all sources, in an effective, timely and easily accessible manner, including domestic, international, public and private resources, in accordance with Article 20 of the Convention, to implement national biodiversity strategies and action plans, by 2030 mobilizing at least 200 billion United States dollars per year, including by:
(a) Increasing total biodiversity related international financial resources from developed countries, including official development assistance, and from countries that voluntarily assume obligations of developed country Parties, to developing countries, in particular the least developed countries and small island developing States, as well as countries with economies in transition, to at least US$ 20 billion per year by 2025, and to at least US$ 30 billion per year by 2030;
(b) Significantly increasing domestic resource mobilization, facilitated by the preparation and implementation of national biodiversity finance plans or similar instruments according to national needs, priorities and circumstances;
(c) Leveraging private finance, promoting blended finance, implementing strategies for raising new and additional resources, and encouraging the private sector to invest in biodiversity, including through impact funds and other instruments;
(d) Stimulating innovative schemes such as payment for ecosystem services, green bonds, biodiversity offsets and credits, benefit-sharing mechanisms, with environmental and social safeguards;
(e) Optimizing co-benefits and synergies of finance targeting the biodiversity and climate crises;
(f) Enhancing the role of collective actions, including by indigenous peoples and local communities, Mother Earth centric actions[1] and non-market-based approaches including community based natural resource management and civil society cooperation and solidarity aimed at the conservation of biodiversity;
(g) Enhancing the effectiveness, efficiency and transparency of resource provision and use.
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[1] Mother Earth-centric actions: Ecocentric and rights-based approach enabling the implementation of actions towards harmonic and complementary relationships between peoples and nature, promoting the continuity of all living beings and their communities and ensuring the non-commodification of environmental functions of Mother Earth. | High |
GBF-T16. Sustainable consumption choices are enabled, and food waste reduced by half GBF-T16. Sustainable consumption choices are enabled, and food waste reduced by halfEnsure that people are encouraged and enabled to make sustainable consumption choices including by establishing supportive policy, legislative or regulatory frameworks, improving education and access to relevant and accurate information and alternatives, and by 2030, reduce the global footprint of consumption in an equitable manner, including through halving global food waste, significantly reducing overconsumption and substantially reducing waste generation, in order for all people to live well in harmony with Mother Earth. | High |
GBF-T10. Areas under agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry are managed sustainably GBF-T10. Areas under agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry are managed sustainablyEnsure that areas under agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry are managed sustainably, in particular through the sustainable use of biodiversity, including through a substantial increase of the application of biodiversity friendly practices, such as sustainable intensification, agroecological and other innovative approaches contributing to the resilience and long-term efficiency and productivity of these production systems and to food security, conserving and restoring biodiversity and maintaining nature’s contributions to people, including ecosystem functions and services . | High |
GBF-T09. Management of wild species is sustainable and benefits people GBF-T09. Management of wild species is sustainable and benefits peopleEnsure that the management and use of wild species are sustainable, thereby providing social, economic and environmental benefits for people, especially those in vulnerable situations and those most dependent on biodiversity, including through sustainable biodiversity-based activities, products and services that enhance biodiversity, and protecting and encouraging customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities. | High |
GBF-T07. Pollution reduced, halving nutrient loss and pesticide risk GBF-T07. Pollution reduced, halving nutrient loss and pesticide riskReduce pollution risks and the negative impact of pollution from all sources, by 2030, to levels that are not harmful to biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, considering cumulative effects, including: reducing excess nutrients lost to the environment by at least half including through more efficient nutrient cycling and use; reducing the overall risk from pesticides and highly hazardous chemicals by at least half including through integrated pest management, based on science, taking into account food security and livelihoods; and also preventing, reducing, and working towards eliminating plastic pollution. | High |
GBF-T05. Use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legal GBF-T05. Use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legalEnsure that the use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legal, preventing overexploitation, minimizing impacts on non-target species and ecosystems, and reducing the risk of pathogen spill-over, applying the ecosystem approach, while respecting and protecting customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities. | High |
The necessity of tracking progress, making informed adjustments, and ensuring transparency in achieving the set goals
Redirect funds from harmful subsidies towards conservation efforts and positive incentives
Evaluate the impact of harmful subsidies on ecosystem health and human well-being
Engage multiple stakeholders, including government agencies, businesses, and communities, in identifying harmful subsidies and developing positive incentives.
The need to engage the public and build inclusive support
The importance of having clear and supportive regulations
Use scientific research and innovation to identify harmful subsidies, develop positive incentives,toward
Once harmful incentives are identified, the next steps involve eliminating, phasing out, or reforming these programs. This requires policy changes and the creation of new frameworks that prioritize biodiversity conservation.
By eliminating harmful incentives and promoting positive ones, the target aims to restore and expand natural ecosystems. Enhanced, or restored, substantially increasing the area of natural ecosystems by 2050;
Reforming harmful incentives supports sustainable development by promoting practices that conserve biodiversity.
Adequate financial resources are necessary for identifying and reforming harmful incentives and promoting positive ones. Investments in these reforms will be critical to ensuring long-term sustainability.
The first step is to identify incentives and subsidies that harm biodiversity. This involves comprehensive reviews and assessments of current policies, programs, and subsidies to understand their impacts on biodiversity
Many harmful incentives are embedded in existing policies or programs
Positive incentives include subsidies, grants, or legal measures that promote biodiversity-friendly practices. Positive incentives are economic, legal or institutional measures designed to encourage activities beneficial to biodiversity.
Incentives related to the use, harvesting, and trade of natural resources should be aligned with biodiversity conservation goals. This includes promoting sustainable practices and discouraging overexploitation.
Reduce pollution risks and negative impact of pollution.Policies should aim to reduce pollution risks, especially those impacting biodiversity, ensuring cleaner, healthier ecosystems.
Levels that are not harmful to biodiversity and ecosystem functions and service Incentives should discourage practices that lead to excess nutrient runoff, promoting methods that reduce these pollutants and protect aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.s